ABSTRACT
Background Papillary thyroid cancer is the result of a variety of pathogenic factors. The prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer varies greatly in different regions, and the disease is more harmful to women. Objective This study aims to explore the relationship between reproductive factors and papillary thyroid cancer, and to provide basic data for prevention and control of the disease. Methods A 1∶1 age (±3 years) matched case-control study was conducted in 331 pairs of newly confirmed papillary thyroid cancer cases and controls from two hospitals in Shanghai from November 2012 to December 2013. Comparisons were made in the history of menstruation, pregnancy, gynecological and breast diseases, and other variables between the two groups. Results The results of univariate analysis indicated that the proportions of education below bachelor degree, married, and mainly manual workers in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); the proportion of those with a family history of thyroid diseases in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); the proportions of the cases with irregular menstruation (77.34%), a history of using oral contraceptive or hormone drugs (24.77%), a history of benign gynecological diseases (31.72%), and a history of gynecological surgery (9.67%) were significantly higher than the proportions in the control group (P<0.05). After adjusting potential confounding factors such as history of CT examination, age, kinds of family salt, total iodine intake every day, education level, occupation, marital status, body mass index, and family history of thyroid diseases, the results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that irregular menstruation (OR=1.767, 95%CI: 1.122-2.782; P=0.014), surgical menopause (OR=12.787, 95%CI: 3.202-51.057; P<0.001), pregnancy >1 time (OR =2.490, 95%CI: 1.196-5.184; P=0.015), and the history of using oral contraceptive or hormone drugs (OR=2.389, 95%CI: 1.338-4.268; P=0.003) were the risk factors of papillary thyroid cancer. Conclusion Irregular menstruation, surgical menopause, history of pregnancy, and history of using oral contraceptive or hormone drugs might be the risk factors of papillary thyroid cancer. To reduce the incidence of papillary thyroid cancer, strengthened health education and rational use of contraceptives are recommended.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of clinical pharmacists participating in clinical pathway management for chron-ic heart failure(CHF). METHODS:A total of 107 CHF adult inpatients in Linyi People's Hospital during Jan. 2014-Oct. 2015 were divided into control group(56 cases,3 withdrawal,53 in total)and trial group(58 cases,4 withdrawal,54 in total)accord-ing to random number table. Control group received routine clinical pathway management method of CHF;trial group received clin-ical pathway management with the participation of clinical pharmacists. Clinical efficacy,the utilization of heart failure drugs,eco-nomic indexes,medication compliance after discharge,re-hospitalization rate due to heart failure were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:Total response rate of trial group was significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). Hospitalization time,drug cost,total hospitalization cost and drug ratio of trial group were short-er or lower than control group,without statistical significance(P>0.05). One month after discharge,the proportion of medication compliance in trial group was significantly higher than control group,with statistical significance(P0.05). Three months after discharge,the proportion of medica-tion compliance in trial group was higher than control group,while re-hospitalization rate was lower than control group,with statis-tical significance(P<0.05). CONCIUSIONS:The participation of clinical pharmacists in clinical pathway management of CHF can significantly improve the utilization rate of recommended drugs by guideline,clinical efficacy and medication compliance,and reduce re-hospitalization rate.
ABSTRACT
Aim Toobservetheeffectofconcisepre-scriptions of Chinese medicine Huannao Yicong Decoc-tion(HYD)on regulatory pathway of secretase in APP/PS1 double transgenic cell line(HEK293),and to in-vestgateitsmechanism.Methods Theproliferationof AD cell model and the toxicity of each investigational drugs were ebserved by CCK-8;the changes in micro-scopic structure of each group were observed by(Trans-mission electron microscope,TEM);the activities of gamma-secretes was observed by Dual Luciferase Re-porter Gene Assay Kit ,and then the expression of pre-senilin 1(PS1),carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein(CHIP),GTP binding protein (CDC42 ),ante-rior pharynx defective-1α(APH-1α),Hypoxia induc-ible factor-1α(HIF-1α) were detected by Western blot.Results 15%HYDserumincreasedthecellac-tivity compared to blank serum (P 0. 05 );compared to control group,HYD directly group inhibited the HIF-1αprotein ex-pression after 48h medication(P<0. 05);compared to 0h midicaiton,DAPT group inhibited the HIF-1αpro-tein expression at the point of 24 h (P<0. 05 ).Con-clusions HYDcantreatADthroughprotectingthe mitochondrial function,reducing the formation of lipo-fuscin,inhibiting the activity of γsecretase by down-regulating the activity of HIF-1α,decreasing the stabil-ity and activity of PS1 by promoting the expression of CDC42.This shows that HYD has good research and development prospect as an effective drug for preven-tion and treatment of AD.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe clinical effects of Guilong decoction combined conventional western medi-cine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with cold-dampness syndrome.Methods 106 cases of rheumatoid arthri-tis with cold-dampness syndrome were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,with 53 cases in each group.The control group was orally given methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine,while the treatment group was given Guilong decoction based on the treatment of the control group.The clinical effects of the two groups were observed after a treatment course of 3 months.Results In the treatment group,35 cases were markedly effective, which was significantly higher than the control group(P 0.05).The total effective rate of the treatment group was 88.68%, which was significantly higher than the control group (χ2 =4.810,P =0.028).There were no significant differences of the adverse reaction ratio between the two groups(P >0.05).Conclusion Guilong decoction combined with con-ventional western medicine can obviously improve the rheumatoid arthritis disease severities,the curative effect is re-markable.It is worth popularizing in clinical application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression levels of interferon -inducible genes (MNDA)in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),and the relations between the gene expression levels and disease activity were explored.Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT -PCR)method was used to detect the expression levels of MNDA in 30 patients with SLE and 25 controls.The associations between the expression levels of MNDA and urine protein,complement C3,C4,anti -double stranded DNA antibody and SLEDAI scores in patients with SLE were analyzed.Results (1)The expression level of MNDA mRNA in the SLE patients was significantly higher than that of the normal controls(t =6.99,P 0.05 ).Conclusion The expression levels of MNDA mRNA in patients with SLE are significantly higher than those of the normal controls.It is linked to kidney damage and disease activity,and helpful in evaluating SLE disease activity and severity.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Presently used pulmonary vein antrum location methods mainly performed by three-dimensional electroanatomy combined with X-ray image or CT image fusion.These methods conducted vein antrum location and ablation by anatomy instructions.It is still poorly understood whether the ablation hit the key part of atrial fibrillation.OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of catheter ablation guided by three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping system in conjunct with pulmonary vein antrum potential in patients with atrial fibrillation.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The verification clinical study was performed at the Department of Cardiology of Jinan Fourth People's Hospital and Hebei People's Hospital from March 2007 to June 2009.PARTICIPANTS:Fifty-one patients with drugs refractory,paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were included.METHODS:All patients underwent circumferential pulmonary vein antrum ablation guided by three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping system (CARTO) in conjunct with pulmonary vein antrum potential with the endpoint of electrical isolation.Relevant parameters and ablation success rate were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Procedure-related parameters,such as procedure duration,fluoroscopy duration,cumulative success rate and complication were observed.RESULTS:Pulmonary veins were isolated in all 51 patients.The mean procedure duration,fluoroscopy time and radiofrequency ablation duration are respectively (207±36.7) minutes,(38.2±14.3) minutes,(56.4±15.7) minutes.After (17.5±3.8)-months follow-up,forty (78.4%) patients did not have recurrence of atrial fibrillation,atrial flutter or atrial tachycardia.No severe procedure-related complication had happened.CONCLUSION:Pulmonary vein antrum potential can be used as a landmark to define pulmonary vein antrum,that combined with CARTO system to guide pulmonary vein antrum ablation is effective,safety and feasible for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:It has been clinically confirmed that inhalation of hyperoxic oxygen for 36-48 hours can causes irreversible hyperoxic lung injury.Whether inhaling oxygen less than 50％ can reduce the potential oxygen toxicity in lung injury? OBJECTIVE:To observe the changes of lung ultrastructures after pure xygen inhalation for 7 hours through endotracheal intubation in dogs. DESIGN:A randomized and controlled animal experiment. SETTING:Department of Anesthesiology,Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University.MATERIALS:Totally 20 healthy hybrid dogs (6 females and 14 males),weighing 15-16 kg,were provided by the Animal Experimental Center in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University.BIRD 8400STi respiratory machine (Bird,USA) and HP-M102A multi-functional monitor (HP,USA) were used.METHODS:The experiment was completed in the Experimental Animal Center in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,Qingdao University from July 1999 to January 2000.① Interventions:The dogs were randomly ventilated with either fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 1 (group 1,n =10) or FiO2 of 0.34 (group 2,n =10),there were 3 females and 7 males in each group.All the dogs were ventilated for 7 hours.② Evaluation:The mean arterial pressure and heart rate were monitored at 1,3,5 and 7 hours after endotracheal intubation.Anesthetic gas monitor (Ohmeda 5250 RGM) was used to observe the fractional inspired oxygen concentration,end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PetCO2), respiratory frequency and peaks of respiratory organs.Changes of lung ultrastructures of right lower lung lobe were observed with electron microscopy after 7-hour mechanical ventilation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:① Hemodynamic parameters; ② Changes of lung ultrastructures. RESULTS:All the 20 dogs were involved in the anlaysis of analysis.① Results of hemodynamic parameters:There was no significant difference between the two groups at each time point mean arterial pressure,PetCO2,peaks of respiratory organs and heart rate (P ＞ 0.05).② Changes of lung ultrastructures:The results of electron microscope showed that in group 1,there were swelling mitochondria was arranged in disorder,less matrix,and hyalomere appeared,thin double-deck membrane in 50％ samples; Interalveolar septum stroma was with edema in 60％ samples;Polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel in 50％ samples; In group 2,double-deck membranes of mitochondria were integral,densely matrix showed micro-granule shape in 90％ samples; Pinocytosis in epithelial cells of type Ⅰ lung strengthened,being destroyed,and pinocytosis in endothelial cells strengthened in 10％ samples; Interalveolar septum stroma was with edema,no polymorphonuclear leukocyte gathered in vessel or emigrated out of vessel or corpuscule was empty in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelium in 20％ samples.CONCLUSION:More pathological ultramicroscopic changes are observed after 7-hour mechanical ventilation with pure oxygen,which reduces after mechanical ventilation with 34％ oxygen.Oxygen concentration should be decreased while long-time mechanical ventilation is executed so as to reduce potential lung injury with oxygen toxicity.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate measures of preventing asphyxia neonatorum in order to reduce the rate of asphyxia neonatorum.Methods Clinical datas on a total of 78 cases of critical asphyxia neonatorum from the year 2003～2004 in Longgang Central Hospital were collected and analyzed.Related high risk factors and effective precaution measures of reducing the rate of asphyxia neonatorum were studied.Results The rate of asphyxia neonatorum from January 2003 to December 2004 was 4.22%,of which it was 1.70% of critical asphyxia neonatorum and 8% of treated deaths.The first seven related factors to critical asphyxia neonatorum of this group were:fetal distress(47%),premature delivery(49%),umbilical factors-torsion,prolapse,shortening(32%),breech presentation(26%),high risk PIH(14%),monstrosity(6%),placental abruption and placenta praevia(6%).Conclusion Effective measures of reducing critical asphyxia neonatorum are to strengthen the monitoring of pregnant women and their antenatal care so as to find and treat PIH early and correct breech presentation in time,try to reduce premature delivery,find early and properly treat fetal distress and oafs and prohibit illegal accouchement.